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However, to the best of our knowledge, the histopathological studies of SLs in the literature have mostly focused on the observation of melanin clearance after laser treatment, and there are no studies that have completely investigated the morphological changes in basal keratinocytes in SLs.Ĭurrently, the histopathological examination of skin biopsies is the gold standard for the evaluation of cellular morphological changes in dermatological studies.
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Thus, enlarged keratinocytes could be a morphological hallmark of senescence in SL lesions. Moreover, a comparative quantitative analysis of basal keratinocytes revealed the aging cells to be larger in size than the younger cells, which probably results in a higher melanin burden. pointed out that immunostaining for p16, a marker of senescence, was positive in facial skin biopsy samples from Asian patients with SLs, suggesting the involvement of this cellular process in this skin condition. A recent study had indicated that skin senescence contributes to the development of SLs. To investigate these issues clearly, treatment assessment should rely on histopathological examinations rather than on clinical evaluations based on the photographic records of skin appearance.ĭespite the fact that the mechanisms of SL development remain unclear, it is well known that chronic sun or ultraviolet radiation exposure stimulates melanosome transfer and causes the deposition of melanin in basal cells, which are the critical factors for the pathogenesis of SLs. Although laser depigmentation treatments appear to be effective for removing the accumulation of melanin, their long-term efficacy in treating SLs is not as perfect, and the underlying pathogenesis of SL remains unclear. Recently, the picosecond laser has also been applied in the treatment of SLs. One therapeutic option for skin pigmentation conditions is laser treatment, with the Q-switched ruby laser (QSRL) being particularly successful in the removal of pigmented lesions and having a relatively lower rate of adverse events among all melanin-selective QS lasers. It is a common hyperpigmentary skin disease, occurring with an extremely high prevalence of approximately 90% among older Caucasians and 70% among Asians and thus has resulted in a high demand for cosmetic treatment. Solar lentigines (SLs) are well-demarcated brownish macules found especially on the sun-exposed/photoexposed skin. © 2021 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement 1. Our study indicates that the basal keratinocytes remain abnormal after laser treatment and demonstrates the capability of in vivo HGM for longitudinal, quantitative monitoring of cell senescence and therapeutic effect in SLs. After treatment, the lesional HBK remained significantly higher than normal skin regardless of the laser treatment used. Before treatment, the HBK was significantly higher in the SLs lesional area than that in the adjacent normal region, whereas there was no significant difference in the HCS. In vivo HGM imaging was conducted to longitudinally analyze HBK and the horizontal cell size (HCS). In this study, we have developed the harmonic generation microscopy (HGM) for in vivo monitoring the height of basal keratinocytes (HBK) and had administered Q-switched ruby laser or picosecond 532-nm Nd:YAG laser treatment on each side of the face of 25 Asian patients with facial SLs, respectively. We have previously demonstrated that basal keratinocyte enlargement is a morphological hallmark of skin senescence correlated to the process of skin aging, while clinical studies on the long-term monitoring of the cellular morphological changes in SLs after laser treatment are lacking. The development of solar lentigines (SLs) is related to chronic ultraviolet exposure-induced cell senescence. Note: Author names will be searched in the keywords field, also, but that may find papers where the person is mentioned, rather than papers they authored.
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Use a comma to separate multiple people: J Smith, RL Jones, Macarthur.Use these formats for best results: Smith or J Smith.For best results, use the separate Authors field to search for author names.Use quotation marks " " around specific phrases where you want the entire phrase only.Question mark (?) - Example: "gr?y" retrieves documents containing "grey" or "gray".Asterisk ( * ) - Example: "elect*" retrieves documents containing "electron," "electronic," and "electricity".Improve efficiency in your search by using wildcards.Example: (photons AND downconversion) - pump.Example: (diode OR solid-state) AND laser.Note the Boolean sign must be in upper-case. Separate search groups with parentheses and Booleans.Keep it simple - don't use too many different parameters.